As semiconductor products evolve into highly integrated systems-on-chip (SoCs), the role of VLSI engineers is expanding beyond isolated design tasks. Modern chips combine processors, memory blocks, interfaces, and accelerators into a single silicon platform, all of which must operate reliably under strict power and performance constraints. This growing complexity has https://nse-india19999.blogmazing.com/38351238/understanding-the-physical-design-perspective-in-modern-vlsi-education