Moreover, it wasn't until 1030 that an Italian Benedictine monk named Guido d'Arezzo invented a 4-line stave, using his hand to recollect the strains. Lots of early medieval tunes is a mystery. Lots of individuals of the time period ended up illiterate, so new music was passed on orally, as https://youtu.be/mbqCyyAD1ag?si=xUDvYeIp5tcc6RpP