While in the realm of cranial surgery, numerous robotic technologies are earning headway. The NeuroArm, designed at the University of Calgary, is often a remote-managed surgical robot created for use within an MRI suite [130]. Meanwhile, the Shinshu College NeuRobot—a joint energy involving many research establishments—includes a grasp–slave micromanipulator https://directivepublications.org/world-neurosurgery-research/